Socioeconomic Determinants of Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): An Islamic Perspective

Abstract

Women with chronic kidney disease (CKD) pregnancy is a complicated clinical and socioeconomic dilemma, with a high risk of maternal and fetal complications evident. Though much has been said regarding medical complexities of CKD in pregnancy, socioeconomic factors that influence health conditions in the mother have not been studied properly. The current study examines the role of income levels, access to health-care, education level, employment, and social support systems in determining outcomes of pregnancy among women with CKD. The research also includes an Islamic ethical model, with major focus on maqasid al-shariah, zakat, and waqf as the possible tools that can be used to enhance equity in maternal healthcare. The research uses case studies of Malaysia, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia to illustrate how faith-based financial interventions can reduce disparities in the availability of health-care, especially in Muslim dominant contexts. The results have shown that a multidisciplinary strategy, such as the combination of nephrology, maternal-fetal medicine, socioeconomic policy, and Islamic bioethics, is crucial to change the outcomes of pregnancies in this high-risk group of women. The research highlights the importance of faith-based health-care models that entail Islamic finance mechanisms to improve inequities and maternal health outcomes.